Saul Bass

Bass trained as a graphic designer and founded Saul Bass Associates in 1946.^2,3 After designing a poster for Otto Preminger's 1954 film Carmen Jones, Preminger commissioned him to create a title sequence.² For Preminger's The Man with the Golden Arm, Bass created a title sequence using moving paper cutouts.^2,3

Christian Annyas stated that film credits had previously been referred to as popcorn time, and that this sequence changed how opening titles were treated.⁴ Bass also designed film titles for Alfred Hitchcock, including Vertigo, North by Northwest, and Psycho.³ Mike Todd employed Bass to design poster art and title sequences for Around the World in Eighty Days in 1956.³

Elaine Makatura joined Bass's workplace in 1955, and the two later married following their work co-directing and producing the opening title sequence for Spartacus in 1960.^1,3 Martin Scorsese subsequently hired Bass and Elaine to work on titles for GoodFellas and the 1991 remake of Cape Fear.² According to Slate Magazine, a controversy exists over whether Bass directed the shower scene in Psycho or only designed the storyboards.⁵ Janet Leigh stated that Bass was present at the shoot but did not direct her performance.⁵